To this day, most published chamber pressure (MAP) data for metallic cartridges is taken by the copper crusher method of measurement. The proper name for this type of measurement is CUP, or Copper Units of Pressure. Another, similar, method uses lead crusher pellets and the resulting pressure values are called "Lead Units of Pressure," or LUP.
The Crusher measuring system is a proved method for the determination of inner-ballistic maximum pressure in combustion chambers. With the help of a device resp. the Crusher measuring apparatus, a copper body is loaded. The plastic deformation which results from the load is the measure for the pressure. Detaild Product Information: CR-Series ...
Older publications like Hatcher's Notebook (the last edition was 1961) still refer to copper crusher measurements as psi. One other problem with the copper crusher, besides its non-linearity, is that it is less consistent than the other methods by about a factor of two, so even for comparison, it is a less desirable method of measuring.
evaluate the characteristics of copper cylinders required to properly specify the copper cylinder design used on the M4 carbine, M16 rifle, and M249 squad automatic weapon (SAW) for …
The conformal sensor does not affect operation of the test barrel, nor change the measurement process. Developed in cooperation with members of SAAMI to provide an accurate rapid-fire electronic production test method to replace the mechanical "copper crusher," the conformal sensor has experienced 20 years of proven performance.
There are four recognized ways to measure pressure in small-arms ammunition. The oldest, and largely unused today, is the copper and lead crusher method. There are three distinct piezo methods used: The SAAMI conformal transducer method; the CIP drilled case direct …
primarily used to measure pressure for ammunition testing. To measure pressure, a copper crusher cylinder is compressed by a piston fitted to a piston hole into the chamber of the test barrel. Pressure generated by the burning propellant acts on the base of the piston, forcing the piston to move, thereby permanently compressing the copper cylinder.
The values can be taken as an indication of unreliability of copper crusher measurement technique which is clearly affected by type of ammunition as well as other multiple factors. The values of relative spread also indicate same trend of copper crusher methodology depending on type of ammunition. The consistent trend in stable values of ...
have replaced copper crushers in most chamber pressure measurements. With two different methods to measure chamber pressure, users had two sets of pressure readings, and the readings did not agree. Pressure readings that had been accepted as the exact gospel truth for decades became suspect. Copper crusher readings had been assumed to represent ...
These terms were adopted by convention to indicate that the pressure values were measured by copper crusher and lead crusher gauges respectively. In recent years, they have been replaced by the adoption of more modern piezoelectric pressure gauges that more accurately measure chamber pressures and generally give significantly higher pressure ...
Measurement cartridge and copper crusher cylinder. Download : Download full-size image; Fig. 2. Indent made by Glock-pistol firing pin on a copper cylinder head. National Institute of Justice [5] specifies a similar method. Instead of using a copper cylinder it recommends using a headspace gage modified to allow insertion of an unfired primer.
The copper crusher measures firing-pin load pressure using a solid bar machined of high-purity copper, from which the mini copper bars are sliced and machined to the exact size and …
Copper Crusher Cylinders are used for powder gases pressure measurement during shooting. Principle of pressure measuring is evaluation of crusher cylinder's deformation after shot. The …
process specification called out for the pressure measurement/CFPI copper crushers. In June 2013, an RFQ was issued for the 22 short/long/long rifle, 22 Winchester Magnum ... validate the copper-crusher performance compared to older lots. Prior to delivery, every lot of crushers was required to pass a lot acceptance test (LAT) that included ...
The copper cylinder is often used to measure chamber pressure in weapon test. Due to differences in primary pressure datum, uncertainty of height measurement, inconsistent individual deformation, inconsistent sensitivity and difference of temperatures, these five evaluated values have a certain degree of uncertainty, which reduces the accuracy of the measurement. Since …
A stress analysis on the M-11 Copper Crusher Gage was performed to determine possible flaws in design which prevent repeatability of pressure measurements. As a result of the analysis, a …
Copper output was down 10,2% quarter-on-quarter but showed no change year-on-year. "The demand for copper has been stronger relatively [sic] to the demand for other base metals," stated Vale. "In addition to the purchases made by China's Strategic Reserve Bureau, consumer durables and autos are leading the recovery of Chinese copper ...
sbm equipment belt rollers.» propellant pressure measurement copper crusher presentation » 55 Drum Crusher Houston » Rock Grinding Barite; Vertical Roller Mill Tashbar Torat Hayim.LUM Series Ultrafine Vertical Roller Mill adopts SBM abundant experience in,and has been become the Mainstream equipment in ultrafine grinding industry.copper ...
A copper crusher is a type of pressure gauge that is used in firearms to measure the pressure of a cartridge during firing. The copper crusher works by measuring the deformation of a copper ...
Decades ago, due to the lack of suitable electronic measuring equipment, these measurements were conducted using a simple copper crusher method. The copper crusher method consists of a copper cylinder which is deformed depending on the pressure produced in the chamber of the weapon during the firing process. 20,21 Even today, the copper has its ...
Copper cylinders as a sensing element of crusher gauges are widely used for measuring the peak pressure in weapon chamber. In order to improve the measuring accuracy, a new mathematic model is ...
1. Assembly Sketch of M-11 Copper Crusher 10 2. Pressure vs. Remaining Length for M-11 Copper Crusher . . 12 3. Crusher Pressure vs. Piezo Pressure 14 4. Finite Element Grid of Copper Crusher With Loading Scheme 17 5. Deformed Finite Element Grid; Result of 550 MPa at -40°C. 18 6. Result of 827 MPa Applied to Modified M-11 Crusher Gage . 21 7.
Copper units of pressure or CUP, and the related lead units of pressure or LUP, are terms applied to pressure measurements used in the field of internal ballistics for the estimation of chamber pressures in firearms.These terms were adopted by convention to indicate that the pressure values were measured by copper crusher and lead crusher gauges respectively.
So if the copper crusher system is well correlated with … more rifles with strain gauges, you might want to use published CUP data to set an. ... The old way of measuring pressure was known as the copper crusher method. … Today, transducers, or strain gauges, are used to measure pressure. ...
Copper Crusher Measurement of Weapon Chamber Pressure To find similar documents by Federal Supply Class Code: FSC Standardization Area ISDA (International Standardization Documents) ORDER. Document Number. ITOP-3.2.810.2. Revision Level. BASE. Status. Current. Publication Date. May 12, 2004.
Pressure calculations in copper crusher method are based on linear plastic. Gun chamber pressure is an important parameter in proofing of ammunition to ensure safety and reliability. It can be measured using copper crushers or piezoelectric sensor. Pressure calculations in copper crusher method are based on linear plastic
The NRA "Reloading Handbook" from the early 1960's lists a Canadian Defense Industries (DI) 1950 Mk VII Cordite load as 43,060 psi at 2433 fps. I suspect that must have been the British system of copper crusher measurement, the article did state they used a British Government test barrel. It did not explain the measuring apparatus.
2.2.3. Measuring Apparatus - Pressure barrel (calibre and number). - Diameter and length of the copper crusher, manufacturer and table. - Diameter, length and weight of the piston (number of piston). 2007. evaluation of the results of measurements. Determination of remaining velocity
Differences in pressure measurement systems. Jump to Latest 10K views ...
